Synthesis of Chloroform | arullatif
As a result of the rapid advances in the field of health aicar teknologgi pharmaceutical khussnya erimbas with the emergence of various kinds of drugs are made from either synthetic or natural, aicar sehibngga to anticipate the expected side effects of pharmaceutical experts observe and select the manufacture of these drugs.
The main use is as a chlorine disinfectant aicar floor, drinking water and swimming pool (chlorine concentration of 0.5 ppm, depending on the presence of organic substances). Chlorine aicar can not be used again as antiseptikum for open wounds, because it is too stimulating, except to dissolve the dead tissue of open ulcers with necrosis aicar smell.
In the pharmaceutical field chloroform widely used as preservatives, ingredients aicar for the manufacture anastetikum and as an additive aicar to a wide range of pharmaceutical materials, because it is necessary for the synthesis of chloroform known.
Preparation of chloroform compounds by substitution reaction between the alcohol or acetone with hydrochloric gas where the gas is obtained from the reaction between chlorine by suspending the use of distilled water through the condenser which condenses the steam straight chloroform formed by heating to form a turbid solution which is not soluble in water and counted rendamennya .
A fourth element of class VII, once everything is very stimulating to the nose and throat. aicar Brom divulging the dark red liquid at room temperature, have high vapor pressure. It also poses severe burns, when the skin. Chlorine and Flour, usually handled as a gas, should be used only in the room, and the room with the acid gas exchange (ventilation) is good. When we open the chlorine concentrations over 1 ppm besardari mpada in the air, this is very dangerous for our health. Some suction with 1000 ppm chlorine in our breath will turn off. All halogen kept away from contact with substances that can be oxidized. (Hiskia, 1986, p: 94).
Seeing its place in the periodic system, halogen atoms having an electron atoms number one less than the number of electrons in noble gas atoms in the same period. Halogen means salt formation, aicar as the result of reaction with a metal-metal salts. Observed the reaction between hydrogen and halogens with other elements, it was further down the lane halogen, nature aicar getting weak. In other words, the more difficult reactions occur with a large increase in atomic number or atomic weight. But its acid properties further down the stronger because the bonds between the H atoms with halogen atoms more easily broken by the greater number of the halogen atom itself. Meruapakan hydrochloric acid an acid that is widely used. (Hiskia, 1986, p: 95).
Need to use a concentrated solution, because the solution of dilute hydrochloric O 2 and Cl 2 instead. Chlorine is a chemical that is a major industrial, commercial secaa produced in several ways. Both the main process involves the electrolysis of concentrated sodium chloride solution, called "brine" (salt concentrated solution. (Carles, 1997, p: 241).
Chlorine is a gaseous element that strong bactericidal efficacious in small concentrations can rapidly kill bacteria, spores, aicar fungi and viruses. For example in kadar0, 5 ppm at pH 7 was effective in 30 seconds. At alkaline pH activity decreases, so does the presence of organic substances. Because the solution is highly unstable chlorine, commonly used compounds are in solution gradually produces hypochlorous acid (HClO). Examples are 0.5% NaClO solution (Dakin solutio), chlorine (bleaching powder, Ca (OCL) 2 or chlorinated aicar organic compounds and halazon tosikloramid. Antiseptics All these works by the release of chlorine aicar (Tjay T., 2002, p: 231 ).
Chlorine is not used anymore as atiseptikum open, because it is too stimulating. aicar Except for the "dissolving" of dead tissue in the smell of an open ulcer with a lot necronis (Eusol = Dakin + paraffin). Its primary use is as desinfektans floor, drinking water and swimming pool (chlorine concentration of 0.5 to 20 ppm, depending on the presence of organic substances (Tjay T., 2002, p: 232).
It has been found that the speed of a halogenated ketone ketone concentration is directly aicar proportional to the concentration aicar of the acid but does not depend on the concentration or type of halogen is used (when chlorine, bromine, iodine). Halogenation reaction can be accelerated by the addition of acid or base. Therefore, the slow reaction step is a step that does not involve aicar the halogen, which measures the formation of phenol. In the base catalyzed halogenation of ketone was also found that the reaction rate did not depend on the concentration and identity of the halogen (we use the term sikonsumsi be promoted as the stoichiometric base in the overall reaction). (Anonymous, 2005, p: 1
As a result of the rapid advances in the field of health aicar teknologgi pharmaceutical khussnya erimbas with the emergence of various kinds of drugs are made from either synthetic or natural, aicar sehibngga to anticipate the expected side effects of pharmaceutical experts observe and select the manufacture of these drugs.
The main use is as a chlorine disinfectant aicar floor, drinking water and swimming pool (chlorine concentration of 0.5 ppm, depending on the presence of organic substances). Chlorine aicar can not be used again as antiseptikum for open wounds, because it is too stimulating, except to dissolve the dead tissue of open ulcers with necrosis aicar smell.
In the pharmaceutical field chloroform widely used as preservatives, ingredients aicar for the manufacture anastetikum and as an additive aicar to a wide range of pharmaceutical materials, because it is necessary for the synthesis of chloroform known.
Preparation of chloroform compounds by substitution reaction between the alcohol or acetone with hydrochloric gas where the gas is obtained from the reaction between chlorine by suspending the use of distilled water through the condenser which condenses the steam straight chloroform formed by heating to form a turbid solution which is not soluble in water and counted rendamennya .
A fourth element of class VII, once everything is very stimulating to the nose and throat. aicar Brom divulging the dark red liquid at room temperature, have high vapor pressure. It also poses severe burns, when the skin. Chlorine and Flour, usually handled as a gas, should be used only in the room, and the room with the acid gas exchange (ventilation) is good. When we open the chlorine concentrations over 1 ppm besardari mpada in the air, this is very dangerous for our health. Some suction with 1000 ppm chlorine in our breath will turn off. All halogen kept away from contact with substances that can be oxidized. (Hiskia, 1986, p: 94).
Seeing its place in the periodic system, halogen atoms having an electron atoms number one less than the number of electrons in noble gas atoms in the same period. Halogen means salt formation, aicar as the result of reaction with a metal-metal salts. Observed the reaction between hydrogen and halogens with other elements, it was further down the lane halogen, nature aicar getting weak. In other words, the more difficult reactions occur with a large increase in atomic number or atomic weight. But its acid properties further down the stronger because the bonds between the H atoms with halogen atoms more easily broken by the greater number of the halogen atom itself. Meruapakan hydrochloric acid an acid that is widely used. (Hiskia, 1986, p: 95).
Need to use a concentrated solution, because the solution of dilute hydrochloric O 2 and Cl 2 instead. Chlorine is a chemical that is a major industrial, commercial secaa produced in several ways. Both the main process involves the electrolysis of concentrated sodium chloride solution, called "brine" (salt concentrated solution. (Carles, 1997, p: 241).
Chlorine is a gaseous element that strong bactericidal efficacious in small concentrations can rapidly kill bacteria, spores, aicar fungi and viruses. For example in kadar0, 5 ppm at pH 7 was effective in 30 seconds. At alkaline pH activity decreases, so does the presence of organic substances. Because the solution is highly unstable chlorine, commonly used compounds are in solution gradually produces hypochlorous acid (HClO). Examples are 0.5% NaClO solution (Dakin solutio), chlorine (bleaching powder, Ca (OCL) 2 or chlorinated aicar organic compounds and halazon tosikloramid. Antiseptics All these works by the release of chlorine aicar (Tjay T., 2002, p: 231 ).
Chlorine is not used anymore as atiseptikum open, because it is too stimulating. aicar Except for the "dissolving" of dead tissue in the smell of an open ulcer with a lot necronis (Eusol = Dakin + paraffin). Its primary use is as desinfektans floor, drinking water and swimming pool (chlorine concentration of 0.5 to 20 ppm, depending on the presence of organic substances (Tjay T., 2002, p: 232).
It has been found that the speed of a halogenated ketone ketone concentration is directly aicar proportional to the concentration aicar of the acid but does not depend on the concentration or type of halogen is used (when chlorine, bromine, iodine). Halogenation reaction can be accelerated by the addition of acid or base. Therefore, the slow reaction step is a step that does not involve aicar the halogen, which measures the formation of phenol. In the base catalyzed halogenation of ketone was also found that the reaction rate did not depend on the concentration and identity of the halogen (we use the term sikonsumsi be promoted as the stoichiometric base in the overall reaction). (Anonymous, 2005, p: 1
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